1. Miriam
Duncan's
Hymn Playing Lecture - given at Oberlin
1992.
2. The "Ten Commandments" for Organ Practicing - By Daniel E. Gawthrop, as published in Keyboard World, ca. 1975.
4. Natural Abdominal Breathing for singers or wind instrument players.
Why all the fuss about something as simple as
breathing?
Well... for a moment, try singing without breathing.
Hmmm...
no air, no song, ...that's how important it is. Your song is
your breath. Whether your
instrument
is your voice, or a wind instrument in your hands, the music you make
is
the stream of air that YOU create. By the time most of us have
reached
adulthood, we have collected an assortment of behavioral mannerisms
that
can get in the way of natural body processes - even a process as
fundamental
as breathing. Amidst all of the popular "vocal hocus-pocus" about
what one's diaphragm is incapable of doing, the following link is an
excellent
description of singers' breathing from Lloyd Hanson, DMA, professor of
Vocal Pedagogy at Northern Arizona University. Dr. Hanson's
article
is a refreshingly anatomically accurate understanding of how a singer
breathes:
http://www.vocalsplendor.com/diaphragm.html
.
5. America's Performing Art: A Study of Choruses, Choral Singers, and Their Impact ...available from Chorus America www.chorusamerica.org
In February of 2002, Chorus America released their
study
on choral participation in the U.S. An estimated 28.5 million
Americans
perform regularly with a choir or chorus - more than for any other art
form. There are about 250,000 choral groups in the U.S.,
including
roughly 200,000 church choirs. 12,000 professional and volunteer
community choruses, and 38,000 school choruses. Early exposure to
choral singing is the primary factor that leads adults to participate
in
choruses. 69% reported that their first experience was an
elementary
or middle school chorus. "Choral singing provides an
extraordinarily
accessible entry point for arts exposure, with few barriers to
participation.."
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